Home Canning Times & Pressures: USDA/NCHFP Chart (2026)

Quick answer: Which canning method you use depends on one thing, acidity. High-acid foods (pH 4.6 or below, such as fruits, jams, pickles, and properly acidified tomatoes) are safe in a boiling water bath. Low-acid foods (all vegetables, meats, poultry, and seafood) must be pressure canned, because only a pressure canner reaches 240 F, the temperature required to destroy Clostridium botulinum spores. The chart below gives USDA and NCHFP processing times for common foods at 0 to 1,000 feet.
Safety first: Never water-bath low-acid vegetables or meats, and never skip acidifying tomatoes. Boiling water only reaches 212 F, which does not kill botulism spores in low-acid food. Always match a current, tested USDA or NCHFP recipe to your exact food and altitude, and when in doubt, throw it out.

Canning safety at a glance

240 FKills botulism spores (pressure only)
pH 4.6The high vs low-acid line
10 lbBase pressure, 0 to 1,000 ft (weighted)
212 FMax boiling water bath temp

Home canning time & pressure chart

Type to filter, or click Food or Method to sort. All times are for hot-pack jars at 0 to 1,000 feet elevation. At higher altitudes you must increase the pressure (or water-bath time), see the altitude table below.

FoodMethodPint timeQuart timePressure / notes
Green beans (snap)Pressure20 min25 min10 lb weighted / 11 lb dial
Corn (whole kernel)Pressure55 min85 min10 lb weighted / 11 lb dial
Carrots (sliced or diced)Pressure25 min30 min10 lb weighted / 11 lb dial
Potatoes (white, cubed)Pressure35 min40 min10 lb weighted / 11 lb dial
Beets (whole, cubed, sliced)Pressure30 min35 min10 lb weighted / 11 lb dial
Green peas (shelled)Pressure40 min40 min10 lb weighted / 11 lb dial
Peaches (hot pack)Water bath20 min25 minBoiling water bath
Tomatoes (crushed, acidified)Water bath35 min45 minBoiling water bath + acidify

Times from the USDA Complete Guide to Home Canning and the National Center for Home Food Preservation (NCHFP). This is a curated selection of common foods; consult NCHFP for any food not listed.

Altitude & gauge adjustments

Processing times stay the same, but the pressure you use rises with elevation. Use your true local altitude.

AltitudeWeighted gaugeDial gauge
0 to 1,000 ft10 lb11 lb
1,001 to 2,000 ft15 lb11 lb
2,001 to 4,000 ft15 lb12 lb
4,001 to 6,000 ft15 lb13 lb
6,001 to 8,000 ft15 lb14 lb

For boiling-water-bath foods, add processing time at altitude instead (typically 5 minutes per 1,000 to 3,000 ft band, per the tested recipe).

Frequently asked canning questions

How do I choose between water bath and pressure canning?

By acidity. High-acid foods at pH 4.6 or below, including fruits, jams, jellies, pickles, and acidified tomatoes, are safe in a boiling water bath. Low-acid foods above pH 4.6, meaning all plain vegetables, meats, poultry, and seafood, must be pressure canned.

Why can I not just water-bath vegetables?

Boiling water tops out at 212 F. Clostridium botulinum spores survive that temperature in low-acid food. A pressure canner reaches 240 F, which is required to destroy the spores, so low-acid foods must be pressure canned.

Do I really need to add lemon juice to tomatoes?

Yes. Modern tomato varieties can test above pH 4.6. Add 2 tablespoons of bottled lemon juice or one-half teaspoon of citric acid per quart, and 1 tablespoon or one-quarter teaspoon per pint. Use commercially bottled lemon juice, not fresh, because bottled has a consistent, known acidity.

How do I adjust for altitude?

For pressure canning, keep the same time but raise the pressure as elevation increases (a weighted gauge goes from 10 lb to 15 lb above 1,000 feet; a dial gauge steps up 11, 12, 13, then 14 lb). For water-bath canning, keep the pressure the same, meaning a full boil, but add time. Always use your local altitude.

What pressure should a weighted versus dial gauge use?

At 0 to 1,000 feet, a weighted gauge uses 10 lb and a dial gauge uses 11 lb. Above 1,000 feet a weighted gauge jumps to 15 lb, while a dial gauge climbs by altitude band to 12, 13, and 14 lb.

Is a home-canned jar with a bulging lid safe to eat?

No. Discard any jar that is unsealed, leaking, bulging, spurting liquid, or smells off, without tasting it. When in doubt, throw it out. As added protection, the USDA advises boiling home-canned low-acid foods for 10 minutes before serving.

This chart is provided for education and is based on the USDA Complete Guide to Home Canning and the National Center for Home Food Preservation. Home canning carries real food-safety risk, including botulism, if done incorrectly. It is not a substitute for a current, tested recipe; always verify processing time and pressure for your specific food and altitude with NCHFP before canning.